Here is a little stuff i gathered and will put up here so we dont get any post like what is apperture and stuff like that to flood up the fourm.
What is "aperture" ?
Aperture is referred to the lens diaphragm opening inside a lens. The size of the diaphragm opening in a camera lens REGULATES the amount of light passes through onto the film inside the camera when the shutter curtain opens during an exposure process. The size of the aperture in a lens can either be a fixed or adjustable type. Aperture size is usually calibrated in f-numbers. i.e. those little numbers engraved on the lens barrel like f22 (f/22),16 (f/16), f/11, f/8.0, f/5.6, f/4.0, f/2.8, f/2.0, f/1.8 etc. Each of this value represents one time the amount of light either more or less in quantity. Meaning to say, f16 will let in 1X the amount of light than a diaphragm opening of f22 and so forth; while on the other hand, f4.0 will let in 1X lesser than that of f2.8 etc.
The aperture controls the depth of focus in the photo. The smaller the ape rture the greater the depth of field will be the smaller the apeture the shorter the depth of field will be..... this means if you want a picture that is a sharp image from font to back you need a small aperture. But if you want one particular subject stand out and the background out of focus you need to have a large aperture
http://www.mir.com.my/rb/photography/fotot...er/aperture.htm
What is shutter speed ?
The aperture diaphragm of a lens (Bigger or smaller) AND timing (Open and close) of the camera's shutter curtain - BOTH perform the tasks of regulating the amount of light entering the camera and expose onto the film. The shutter speed scales engraved on the shutter speed dial of conventional camera bodies with a shutter speed ring OR via some flickering digital numerals on the LCD screen like: 1/8000, 1/4000, 1/1000, 1/500, 1/250, 1/125, 1/60, 1/30, 1/15, 1/8, 1/4, 1/2, 1 or -1, -2 etc. are essentially indicators of time duration at which the shutter curtain open up and close during an exposure process. A 1/125 setting means the shutter curtain open and close within one hundred and twenty five of a second while 1 means in one full second the shutter open up to absorb the light source onto the film for an exposure
http://www.mir.com.my/rb/photography/fotot...ter/shutter.htm
Effective aperture.
The diameter of the bundle of light rays striking the first lens element that actually pass through the lens at any given diaphragm setting.
Electronic flash.
Light source based on electrical discharge across two electrodes in a gas-filled tube. Usually designed to provide light approximating to daylight. It is often regarded as artificial light souce in the dark. Electronic flash requires a high voltage, usually obtained from batteries through a voltage-multiplying circuit. It discharges a brief, intense burst of light, usually used where the lighting on the scene is inadequate for picture-taking. They are generally considered to have the same photographic effect as daylight. Most flash will correct the color temperature back to 5000 kelvin - the daylight color. You can play around with filters mounting on the flash head for some specific effects or alter the color if necessary. Modern flash has multiple TTL flash exposure control functions and even extend to autofocus control. Some specialized flash are high speed repeating flash which can use for strobocopic effect, UV-flash for ultra violet light photography etc.
EV
Exposure value. Method of quantifying scene brightness. Most of these value apply to metering cells, how high or low eg. a metering that can handles from EV1-EV21 means a metering system that can measure brightness level from just above the light level of a candle light to a brightly sunlight scene on a beach. Camera metering can handle more weakly on a spot meter than, say, a center weighted average metering system. EV is commonly used in black & White photographic process. At ISO 100, the combination of a one-second shutter speed and an aperture of F1.4 is defined as EV1. The camera may be used only within the EV range of the exposure meter. For example, the exposure metering range s from EV0 to EV20 can be used on a camera, means the camera's meter can handle broader range of exposure latitude.
Existing Light
Available light. Strictly speaking, existing light covers all natural lighting from moonlight to sunshine. For photographic purposes, existing light is the light that is already on the scene or project and includes room lamps, fluorescent lamps, spotlights, neon signs, candles, daylight through windows, outdoor scenes at twilight or in moonlight, and scenes artificially illuminated after dark.
Exposure
The quantity of light allowed to act on a photographic material; a product of the intensity (controlled by the lens opening) and the duration (controlled by the shutter speed or enlarging time) of light striking the film or paper. The act of allowing light to reach the light-sensitive emulsion of the photographic material. Also refers to the amount (duration and intensity) of light which reaches the film.
Exposure compensation :
Exposure compensation for available light is activated by changing the shutter speed and/or lens aperture. This is done by using AE L AF-L (Auto Exposure/Autofocus Lock) button or exposure compensation button, or by Auto Exposure Bracketing . In flash photography with a dedicated TTL Speedliqht exposure compensation can also be performed by varying the amount of flash output. Camera-originated exposure compensation affects both the foreground subject and the background; variations in flash output amount affect only the foreground.
Exposure Meter
An instrument with a light-sensitive cell that measures the light reflected from or falling on a subject, used as an aid for selecting the exposure setting. The same as a light meter.
SLR Single Lens Reflex camera
Megapixel Million pixels not to be confused with resolution
Film Iso The film speed, which is the rating for how sensitive the film is to light. The higher the number the most sensitive and the lower the sharpness, overall qaulity. The lower the number the less sensitive the film is to light. Produces sharp crisp photos. But usally requires a lot of light and a long exposure.
Shutter Speed The length of time that the shutter opens and exposes your film to light. It works in tandem with your aperture. The smaller the aperture the less light that is coming in so the longer your shutter will have to be and vice versa.
Aperture It is the hole which is created by the diaphragm in your lens. It also is a factor in how much DoF the resulting image will have.
F-stops Measurement of the size of your aperture. The higher your f-stop the smaller your aperture. The lower your f-stop the larger the aperture will be.
DoF Depth of field It is how much of your photo will be in focus. The larger your f-stop the larger of a DoF you will have, so the photo will be sharp and crisp.(i.e. landscapes). A small f-stop will create a very shallow DoF(i.e. portraits). Other things such as the distance from your subject are also factors.
Underexposed Image The settings were too fast and not enough light was exposed to the film or sensor.
Overexposed Image The settings allowed too much light in
Shutter priority A mode in newer SLR'S and some digi cameras. It allows the user to choose a shutter speed and it calculates the aperture speed to accompany that speed.
Aperture priority The opposite of Shutter priority. You set the desired f-stop and the camera then calculates the correct shutter speed to accompany that f-stop.
Snapshot A casual photograph taken without any sense of direction or form.
Barrel Distortion A lens effect which causes images to be spherised at their center.
Vignetting An unintentional shaded loss on the edges of a picture, which may be caused by a filter, lens hood or similar attachment partially blocking the field of view of the lens.
Bracket to take photographs of at more than one exposure in order to ensure that the desired exposure is obtained.
DPI Dots per inch: a measure of image resolution
Resolution The ammount of data stored in an image file. Measured in DPI
Saturation How rich the colors are in a photo
Back-lit The subject is lit from behind and will be underexposed unless a fill flash or exposure compensation is used
Frame Rate The number of pictures that can be taken in an ammount of time
Guide Number A rating of a flash's power
Hot Shoe A clip on the top of the camera that attaches a flash unit
Telephoto A lense that provies a narrow angle of view of a scene, includung less of a scene than a normal lense, therefor magnifying objects in the scene.
Wide Angle Lense A lens that provides a wide angle view of a scene, including more of the subject area than a normal len
Matrix Metering An exposure system that breaks up the scene into a grid then evaluates each section to determine the exposure
Rangefinder A camera design that has the viewfinder separate from the lense
Shutter The device in the camera that opens and closes to let light from the scene hit the film/image sensor
Stop A change in exposure by a factor of two. Changing the aperture from one setting to the next doubles or halves the amount of light reaching the image sensor. Changing the shutter speed from one setting to the next does the same thing. Either changes the exposure one stop
White Balance An automatic or manual control that adjusts the brightest part of a scene so it looks white
Archival The ability of a material, including some printing papers and compact discs, to last for many years
Burning Selectively darkening part of a photo
Dodging Selectively lightening part of a photo
Fill flash A flash technique used to brighten deep shadow areas, typically outdoors on sunny days
Highlights The brightest parts of a photo
Panning A photography technique in which the camera follows a moving subject. Done correctly, the subject is sharp and clear, while the background is blurred, giving a sense of motion to the photo
RAW The RAW image format is the data as it comes directly off the CCD, with no in-camera processing is performed
Ambient Light The natural light in a scene
Available Light Existing light around a subject. Natural or artificial, not set up by photographer
B (Bulb) Setting for long time exposures beyond the normal shutter speeds. Under this setting the shutter will remain open for as long as the shutter button is depressed
Cable Release A flexible cable device for releasing the shutter. Usually used for long exposures when the camera must remain still